PRAXISBEISPIEL · VERTRAGSMARKIERUNG IN WORD
NDA-Lücken anhand eines Deal-Sheets ausgefüllt, dann nach Hongkonger Recht angepasst
Ein Anwalt, der einen Universitäts-Spin-off vertrat, erhielt die standardmäßige Geheimhaltungsvereinbarung der Universität als Word-Datei, zusammen mit dem Deal-Sheet der Kanzlei. Er bat , jedes Feld anhand des Deal-Sheets auszufüllen und vier kommerzielle Änderungen für den Mandanten vorzunehmen, ohne etwas anderes zu verändern.
hat die Parteien, das Datum, das Projekt, die Benachrichtigungstabelle, die Eskalationsverantwortlichen und den Unterschriftenblock ausgefüllt, den Vertraulichkeitszeitraum verkürzt, den Kreis der zugelassenen Personen erweitert und die FOI-Antwortfrist verkürzt, und das alles in derselben Datei. Danach fragte der Partner nach Hongkong-Recht und HKIAC-Schiedsverfahren, woraufhin die Klausel zum anwendbaren Recht umschrieb und die Eskalationsklausel anpasste.
1Der Upload: Die NDA der Universität und das Konditionenblatt der Kanzlei
LAW-01_NDA_Deal_Sheet_fictional.docx
12 October 2026
Halcyon Photonics Limited
14829376
Priya Raman
Thomas Hadley
Daniel Cheung
5.25.35.45.55.65.75.85.95.10
- 7 → 7Seiten, Tabellen und Breiten unverändert
- 0Klauselnummern geändert, einschließlich der doppelten 5.3
- 21 / 21Prüfungen der gelieferten Formulierungen bestanden
- 1optionale Klammer für die Entscheidung des Anwalts übrig gelassen
Jede Änderung in einer eigenen Zeile
listet jede Änderung der KI auf, damit nichts unbemerkt geändert wird. Hier sehen Sie die Änderungen dieses Durchlaufs für beide Anfragen, eine Zeile pro geändertem Absatz oder Tabellenzeile. Deaktivieren Sie „Änderungen anzeigen“, um den endgültigen Wortlaut zu lesen.
Die Originaldateien öffnen
Dies sind die tatsächlichen Dateien aus dem Durchlauf. Laden Sie sie herunter und öffnen Sie sie in Word.
Woher die Datei stammt: Lambert Toolkit, UK Intellectual Property Office. Enthält Informationen des öffentlichen Sektors, lizenziert unter der Open Government Licence v3.0. Das Deal-Sheet, die Universität, das Unternehmen und alle darin genannten Personen sind fiktiv und wurden für diesen Test frei erfunden.
01 · DIE AUSGANGSDATEIEN
Eine 7-seitige NDA-Vorlage und ein 2-seitiges Deal-Sheet
Die NDA ist die Muster-Geheimhaltungsvereinbarung aus dem Lambert Toolkit der britischen Regierung für Universitäts- und Unternehmenskooperationen: ein Deckblatt, fünf automatisch nummerierte Klauseln, eine Definitionstabelle, eine Benachrichtigungstabelle und ein Unterschriftenblock. Sie ist voller Leerstellen in eckigen Klammern und alternativen Formulierungen zur Auswahl und beginnt mit einem Bearbeitungshinweis sowie einem Banner, das besagt, dass sie nicht genehmigt wurde.
Das Toolkit veröffentlicht die Vereinbarung als alte .doc-Datei; wir haben sie vor dem Hochladen mit LibreOffice als .docx gespeichert. Das Deal-Sheet ist eine Word-Datei mit zweispaltigen Tabellen, so wie eine Kanzlei sie führen würde.
02 · ANFRAGE 1
Jedes Feld aus dem Deal-Sheet ausfüllen und unsere Punkte markieren
Eingabe des Anwalts
We act for Halcyon Photonics (the Company) on the University's NDA. Deal sheet attached. Mark up the NDA in Track Changes, same Word file: 1. Fill every bracketed blank from the deal sheet (parties, date, project, 5.1 notices table, 5.10 officers, signature block). Change "Fax number" to "Email". 2. Clause 2.1: 5 years from receipt; delete the other options. 3. Clause 2.3: also allow disclosure to professional advisers and potential investors under equivalent confidentiality. 4. Clause 2.4: the Company's FOI response time is 5 Business Days, not 10 days. 5. Delete the opening Note and the "NOT APPROVED" banner. Change nothing else, including numbering and governing law.
Was getan hat
- Die hochgeladene Word-Datei selbst wurde bearbeitet. Die Klauselnummerierung, die vier Tabellen und deren Spaltenbreiten sind exakt wie zuvor, und die Vereinbarung umfasst nach wie vor 7 Seiten.
- Die Leerstellen wurden aus dem Deal-Sheet ausgefüllt: das Datum (12. Oktober 2026, auf dem Deckblatt und in der Vereinbarung), beide Parteien mit Handelsregisternummer und eingetragenem Sitz, das Projekt, beide Benachrichtigungsbeauftragten mit ihren Adressen, die beiden Eskalationsverantwortlichen und die beiden Unterzeichner. „Faxnummer“ wurde zu „E-Mail“, mit der jeweiligen E-Mail-Adresse jeder Seite.
- Klausel 2.1: Die Vertraulichkeit gilt nun für 5 Jahre ab Erhalt, und die Optionen [3][5][7][10] sowie „[Datum dieser Vereinbarung]“ wurden entfernt.
- Klausel 2.3: Es wurde ein Satz hinzugefügt, der es dem Unternehmen gestattet, Offenlegungen gegenüber professionellen Beratern und potenziellen Investoren unter gleicher Vertraulichkeit vorzunehmen.
- Klausel 2.4: Die FOI-Antwortfrist des Unternehmens beträgt nun unter Verwendung des definierten Begriffs 5 Geschäftstage statt 10 Tage.
- Die Einleitungshinweise und das Banner „NICHT GENEHMIGT“ wurden gelöscht, und die Klausel zum anwendbaren Recht wurde unverändert gelassen.
Die Aufforderung verlangte nachverfolgte Änderungen, aber hat die Bearbeitungen direkt in die Datei geschrieben. Das folgende Redline ist die Funktion „Änderungsverfolgungsbericht erstellen“ von , ausgeführt auf den Dateien vor und nach der Bearbeitung.
Note: This sort of agreement might be used, for example, where a company and a university wish to exchange confidential information before they enter into a Research Collaboration Agreement, perhaps to further discussions about a potential research project.¶
THIS AGREEMENT HAS NOT BEEN APPROVED BY THE LAMBERT WORKING GROUP; IT IS INCLUDED IN THE TOOLKIT TO GIVE YOU AN IDEA OF THE PROVISIONS THAT ARE OFTEN USED IN THIS SORT OF AGREEMENT.¶
Dated _________________________20[ ]¶
Dated 12 October 2026
(1) […………………………………………………………]The University of Kingsmere
(2) [………………………………………………………..]Halcyon Photonics Limited
NON-DISCLOSURE AGREEMENT
THIS AGREEMENT dated […………………………………………..] 200[5]12 October 2026 is made BETWEEN:
(1) […………………………..]The University of Kingsmere, whose administrative offices are at [……………………]Research & Innovation Services, Albion House, 14 College Road, Kingsmere KM4 2AB, United Kingdom (the University); and
(2)[……………………..] [Halcyon Photonics LIMITED], a company registered in [England] and Wales under number [………………]14829376, whose registered office is at [………………………………………………………………]Unit 7, Harbourside Innovation Centre, 22 Quay Street, Bristol BS1 4XE, United Kingdom (the Company)
BACKGROUND
The parties wish [to discuss a potential collaborative research project] on low-loss silicon-nitride photonic waveguides for data-centre optical interconnects (the Proposed Project) and this is likely to involve them disclosing confidential information to each other.
1. DEFINITIONS
In this Agreement the following expressions have the meaning set opposite:
this Agreement:
this document, as amended from time to time in accordance with clause and 5.7;
a Business Day:
Monday to Friday (inclusive) except bank or public holidays in [England]; and Wales;
Confidential Information:
each party's confidential information including any Intellectual Property and Know-how disclosed by that party to the other for the Specified Purpose[and identified as confidential before or at the time of disclosure];
a Group Company:
any undertaking which is, on or after the date of this Agreement from time to time, a subsidiary undertaking of the Company, a parent undertaking of the Company or a subsidiary undertaking of a parent undertaking of the Company, as those terms are defined in section 258 of the Companies Act 1985;
Intellectual Property:
patents, trade marks, service marks, registered designs, copyrights, database rights, design rights, confidential information, applications for any of the above, and any similar right recognised from time to time in any jurisdiction, together with all rights of action in relation to the infringement of any of the above;
Know-how:
unpatented technical information (including, without limitation information relating to inventions, discoveries, concepts, methodologies, models, research, development and testing procedures, the results of experiments, tests and trials, manufacturing processes, techniques and specifications, quality control data, analyses, reports and submissions) that is not in the public domain;
the Proposed Project:
[insert short details]; anda two-year collaborative research project on low-loss silicon-nitride photonic waveguides for data-centre optical interconnects; and
the Specified Purpose:
[discussing whether to collaborate with the other party in the Proposed Project, the preparation of any outline specification, proposal or workplan for the Proposed Project, and the submission of any application for funding for the Proposed Project].
2. CONFIDENTIALITY
2.1 Neither party will[, before the expiry of not less than [3][5][7][10]5 years after the [date of this Agreement][its receipt of any of the other party’s Confidential Information], disclose to any third party, nor use for any purpose except the Specified Purpose, any of the other party's Confidential Information.
2.2 Neither party will be in breach of any obligation to keep any information confidential or not to disclose it to any other party to the extent that it:
2.2.1 is known to the party making the disclosure before its receipt from the other party, and not already subject to any obligation of confidentiality to the other party;
2.2.2 is or becomes publicly known without any breach of this Agreement or any other undertaking to keep it confidential;
2.2.3 has been obtained by the party making the disclosure from a third party in circumstances where the party making the disclosure has no reason to believe that there has been a breach of an obligation of confidentiality owed to the other party;
2.2.4 has been independently developed by the party making the disclosure;
2.2.5 is disclosed pursuant to the requirement of any law or regulation (provided, in the case of a disclosure under the Freedom of Information Act 2000, none of the exceptions to that Act applies to the information disclosed) or the order of any Court of competent jurisdiction, and the party required to make that disclosure has informed the other, within a reasonable time after being required to make the disclosure, of the requirement to disclose and the information required to be disclosed; or
2.2.6is approved for release in writing by an authorised representative of the other party.
2.3 The Company will not be in breach of any obligation to keep any of the University's information confidential or not to disclose it to any third party by making it available to any Group Company, or any person working for or on behalf of the Company or a Group Company, who needs to know the same for the Specified Purpose, provided it is not used except for that purpose and the recipient undertakes to keep that information confidential.
The Company may also disclose the University's Confidential Information to its professional advisers and to potential investors, in each case only under equivalent confidentiality obligations or on a confidential basis.¶
2.4 If the University receives a request under the Freedom of Information Act 2000 to disclose any information that, under this Agreement, is the Company’s Confidential Information, it will notify the Company and will consult with the Company. The Company will respond to the University within 10 days5 Business Days after receiving the University’s notice if that notice requests the Company to provide information to assist the University to determine whether or not an exemption to the Freedom of Information Act applies to the information requested under that Act.
3. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
3.1 Nothing in this Agreement grants any licence or right, beyond that required for the Specified Purpose, under any patent, copyright, trade secret or other Intellectual Property.
3.2Neither party will remove any proprietary, copyright, trade secret, confidentiality or other notice from any of the other’s Confidential Information.
4. TERM
4.1[Subject to clause 2.1, this][This] Agreement will continue indefinitely despite the conclusion of [the discussions between the parties concerning the Proposed Project].
4.2To the extent that the terms of this Agreement conflict with any agreement entered into between the parties for carrying out the Proposed Project, the terms of the agreement for the Proposed Project will prevail, but only to the extent necessary to resolve that conflict.
4.3 At the conclusion of [the discussions about the Proposed Project], unless the parties enter into an agreement for the carrying out of that project, each of the parties will, at the other’s request;
4.3.1return or destroy the other’s Confidential Information in its possession, custody or control; and
4.3.2confirm in writing that the above has been done.
5. GENERAL
5.1 Notices: Any notice to be given under this Agreement must be in writing, may be delivered to the other party by any of the methods set out in the left hand column below, and will be deemed to be received on the corresponding day set out in the right hand column:
Method of service
Deemed day of receipt
By hand or courier
the day of delivery
By pre-paid first class post
the second Business Day after posting
By recorded delivery post
the next Business Day after posting
By fax (provided the sender’s fax machine confirms complete and error-free transmission of that notice to the correct fax number)
the next Business Day after sending or, if sent before 16.00 (sender’s local time) on the Business Day it was sent
The parties' respective representatives for the receipt of notices are, until changed by notice given in accordance with this clause, as follows:
For the University:
For the Company:
Name: Ms Priya Raman, Senior Contracts Manager
Address:Address: Research & Innovation Services, Albion House, 14 College Road, Kingsmere KM4 2AB
Name: Mr Thomas Hadley, General Counsel, Halcyon Photonics Limited
Address:Address: Unit 7, Harbourside Innovation Centre, 22 Quay Street, Bristol BS1 4XE
Fax number:Email: [email protected]
Fax number:Email: [email protected]
5.2Headings: The headings in this Agreement are for ease of reference only; they do not affect its construction or interpretation.
5.3 Assignment: Neither party may assign or transfer this Agreement as a whole, or any of its rights or obligations under it, without first obtaining the written consent of the other party. That consent may not be unreasonably withheld or delayed.
5.3Illegal/unenforceable provisions: If the whole or any part of any provision of this Agreement is void or unenforceable in any jurisdiction, the other provisions of this Agreement, and the rest of the void or unenforceable provision, will continue in force in that jurisdiction, and the validity and enforceability of that provision in any other jurisdiction will not be affected.
5.4Waiver of rights: If a party fails to enforce, or delays in enforcing, an obligation of the other party, or fails to exercise, or delays in exercising, a right under this Agreement, that failure or delay will not affect its right to enforce that obligation or constitute a waiver of that right. Any waiver of any provision of this Agreement will not, unless expressly stated to the contrary, constitute a waiver of that provision on a future occasion.
5.5No agency: Nothing in this Agreement creates, implies or evidences any partnership or joint venture between the parties, or the relationship between them of principal and agent. Neither party has any authority to make any representation or commitment, or to incur any liability, on behalf of the other.
5.6Entire agreement: This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the parties relating to its subject matter. Each party acknowledges that it has not entered into this Agreement on the basis of any warranty, representation, statement, agreement or undertaking except those expressly set out in this Agreement. Each party waives any claim for breach of this Agreement, or any right to rescind this Agreement in respect of any representation which is not an express provision of this Agreement. However, this clause does not exclude any liability which either party may have to the other (or any right which either party may have to rescind this Agreement) in respect of any fraudulent misrepresentation or fraudulent concealment prior to the execution of this Agreement.
5.7Amendments: No variation or amendment of this Agreement will be effective unless it is made in writing and signed by each party's representative.
5.8Third parties: No one except a party to this Agreement has any right to prevent the amendment of this Agreement or its termination, and no one except a party to this Agreement may enforce any benefit conferred by this Agreement, unless this Agreement expressly provides otherwise.
5.9Governing law: This Agreement is governed by, and is to be construed in accordance with, English law. The English Courts will have exclusive jurisdiction to deal with any dispute which has arisen or may arise out of, or in connection with, this Agreement, except that either party may bring proceedings for an injunction in any jurisdiction.
5.10Escalation: If the parties are unable to reach agreement on any issue concerning this Agreement or the Project within 14 days after one party has notified the other of that issue, they will refer the matter to [insert officer]Professor Alan Whitcombe, Pro-Vice-Chancellor (Research) in the case of the University, and to [insert officer]Dr Mei Lin Wong, Chief Technology Officer in the case of the Company in an attempt to resolve the issue within 14 days after the referral. Either party may bring proceedings in accordance with clause 5.9 if the matter has not been resolved within that 14 day period, and either party may apply to the court for an injunction whether or not any issue has been escalated under this clause.
SIGNED for and on behalf of the University: Name: Dr Eleanor Marsh Position: Director of Research & Innovation Services Signature
SIGNED for and on behalf of the Company: Name: Daniel Cheung Position: Chief Executive Officer Signature
Worauf ein Anwalt zweimal schauen würde: Es wurden zwei Vorlagenauswahlen getroffen, ohne darum gebeten worden zu sein. In Klausel 4.1 wurde „Diese Vereinbarung“ anstelle von „Vorbehaltlich Klausel 2.1 gilt diese Vereinbarung“ beibehalten, und „[England]“ in der Definition des Geschäftstags wurde zu „England und Wales“, wo das Unternehmen registriert ist. Eine Option befindet sich noch in Klammern: „[und vor oder zum Zeitpunkt der Offenlegung als vertraulich gekennzeichnet]“ in der Definition der vertraulichen Informationen.
03 · ANFRAGE 2
Der Partner wünscht Hongkong-Recht
Eingabe des Anwalts
Partner wants HK law (Halcyon's parent is now in HK). On the same marked-up version, in Track Changes: 1. Clause 5.9: Hong Kong law, HKIAC arbitration seated in Hong Kong; keep the injunction carve-out. 2. Business Day definition: Hong Kong public holidays instead of [England]. 3. Clause 5.10 still says "bring proceedings". Conform it to arbitration, or leave a Word comment for me. Keep all my earlier tracked changes; don't accept them.
Was getan hat
- Es wurde weiter in der Word-Datei gearbeitet, die für Anfrage 1 bereitgestellt wurde, sodass alle früheren Änderungen erhalten bleiben.
- Klausel 5.9: Die Vereinbarung unterliegt dem Recht von Hongkong, wobei Streitigkeiten durch ein HKIAC-Schiedsverfahren nach den Administered Arbitration Rules mit Sitz in Hongkong, durch einen Schiedsrichter und auf Englisch beigelegt werden. Der Ausschluss für Unterlassungsansprüche als einstweilige oder vorbeugende Maßnahmen durch ein zuständiges Gericht bleibt erhalten.
- Geschäftstag: Feiertage in Hongkong. Außerdem wurde „Bank oder“ aus der Definition entfernt.
- Klausel 5.10: „Verfahren einleiten“ wurde zu „Schiedsverfahren gemäß Klausel 5.9 einleiten“ geändert, und die Formulierung zur Unterlassungsverfügung stimmt mit Klausel 5.9 überein. Der Querverweis verweist weiterhin auf die richtige Klausel.
- Die eigene Beschreibung des Unternehmens wurde unverändert gelassen: Es ist nach wie vor in England und Wales registriert.
Erneut wurden die Änderungen direkt in die Datei geschrieben. Unten sehen Sie den Änderungsverfolgungsbericht zu den Dateien aus Anfrage 1 und Anfrage 2, der nur zeigt, was diese Anfrage geändert hat. Der Bericht zum Original und zur finalen Datei am Anfang der Seite fasst beide Runden in einem einzigen Redline zusammen.
1. DEFINITIONS
a Business Day:
Monday to Friday (inclusive) except bank or public holidays in England and WalesHong Kong;
5. GENERAL
5.9Governing law: This Agreement is governed by, and is to be construed in accordance with, English law. The English Courts will have exclusive jurisdiction to deal with any dispute which has arisen or may arise out of, or in connection with, this Agreement, except that either party may bring proceedings for an injunction in anythe laws of Hong Kong. Any dispute arising out of or in connection with this Agreement shall be referred to and finally resolved by arbitration administered by the Hong Kong International Arbitration Centre (HKIAC) under the HKIAC Administered Arbitration Rules in force when the notice of arbitration is submitted. The seat of arbitration shall be Hong Kong. The tribunal shall consist of one arbitrator, unless the parties agree otherwise, and the language of the arbitration shall be English. Nothing in this clause shall prevent either party from seeking interim or injunctive relief from any court of competent jurisdiction.
5.10Escalation: If the parties are unable to reach agreement on any issue concerning this Agreement or the Project within 14 days after one party has notified the other of that issue, they will refer the matter to Professor Alan Whitcombe, Pro-Vice-Chancellor (Research) in the case of the University, and to Dr Mei Lin Wong, Chief Technology Officer in the case of the Company in an attempt to resolve the issue within 14 days after the referral. Either party may bringcommence arbitration proceedings in accordance with clause 5.9 if the matter has not been resolved within that 14 day period, and either party may apply to the court for an injunctionseek interim or injunctive relief from any court of competent jurisdiction whether or not any issue has been escalated under this clause.
Die NDA selbst, mit Markierungen, keine Zusammenfassung der Änderungen
Die meisten KI-Tools beantworten einen Überarbeitungswunsch mit Formulierungsvorschlägen in einem Chatfenster, und jemand tippt diese anschließend in die Vereinbarung ein. arbeitet direkt in der Word-Datei selbst, füllt sie anhand Ihrer eigenen Dokumente aus, belässt Nummerierung und Tabellen unverändert, und der Änderungsverfolgungsbericht liefert der Gegenseite ein Redline.
WEITERLESEN
Ein weiteres Praxisbeispiel lesen
Banker und Berater
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Gesundheitswesen
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Personalwesen