GENNEMARBEJDET EKSEMPEL · KONTRAKTREDIGERING I WORD
NDA-skabeloner udfyldt ud fra et dealark, derefter efter hongkongsk ret
En advokat, der repræsenterer et universitetsspin-out, modtog universitetets standardaftale om fortrolighed som en Word-fil, sammen med virksomhedens handelsark. Advokaten bad om at udfylde alle tomme felter ud fra handelsarket og foretage fire kommercielle ændringer for klienten, uden at ændre noget andet.
udfyldte parterne, datoen, projektet, meddelelsestabellen, eskaleringsansvarlige og underskriftsblokken, forkortede fortrolighedsperioden, udvidede kredsen af personer, der må se oplysningerne, og reducerede svarfristen for aktindsigt, alt i samme fil. Derefter bad partneren om hongkongsk ret og HKIAC-voldgift, og omskrev klausulen om lovvalg og bragte eskaleringsklausulen i overensstemmelse hermed.
1Uploadet: universitetets NDA og firmaets handelsark
LAW-01_NDA_Deal_Sheet_fictional.docx
12 October 2026
Halcyon Photonics Limited
14829376
Priya Raman
Thomas Hadley
Daniel Cheung
5.25.35.45.55.65.75.85.95.10
- 7 → 7sider, tabeller og bredder uændret
- 0klausulnumre ændret, herunder den dobbelte 5.3
- 21 / 21kontrol af den leverede formulering bestået
- 1valgfri parentes overladt til advokaten at afgøre
Alle ændringer, én række pr. ændring
viser alle redigeringer, AI'en har foretaget, så intet ændres uden at du ser det. Disse er redigeringerne fra denne kørsel, én række pr. ændret afsnit eller tabelrække, for begge anmodninger. Slå Vis ændringer fra for at læse den endelige formulering.
Åbn de rigtige filer
Dette er de faktiske filer fra kørslen. Download dem, og åbn dem i Word.
Hvor filen kommer fra: Lambert Toolkit, UK Intellectual Property Office. Indeholder offentlige oplysninger fra den offentlige sektor, licenseret under Open Government Licence v3.0. Handelsarket, universitetet, virksomheden og alle personer, der nævnes i det, er fiktive og opdigtet til denne test.
01 · DE OPRINDELIGE FILER
En 7-siders skabelon-NDA og et 2-siders handelsark
NDA'en er eksempelaftalen om fortrolighed fra det britiske regerings Lambert Toolkit for samarbejde mellem universiteter og virksomheder: en forside, fem automatisk nummererede klausuler, en definitionstabel, en meddelelsestabel og en underskriftsblok. Den er fyldt med tomme felter i firkantede parenteser og alternative formuleringer at vælge imellem, og den åbner med en udkastnote og et banner om, at den ikke er godkendt.
Toolkit'en udgiver aftalen som en gammel .doc-fil; vi gemte den som .docx med LibreOffice, før vi uploadede den. Handelsarket er en Word-fil med tabeller i to kolonner, sådan som en virksomhed ville gemme den.
02 · ANMODNING 1
"Udfyld alle tomme felter ud fra handelsarket og markér vores punkter"
Hvad advokaten skrev
We act for Halcyon Photonics (the Company) on the University's NDA. Deal sheet attached. Mark up the NDA in Track Changes, same Word file: 1. Fill every bracketed blank from the deal sheet (parties, date, project, 5.1 notices table, 5.10 officers, signature block). Change "Fax number" to "Email". 2. Clause 2.1: 5 years from receipt; delete the other options. 3. Clause 2.3: also allow disclosure to professional advisers and potential investors under equivalent confidentiality. 4. Clause 2.4: the Company's FOI response time is 5 Business Days, not 10 days. 5. Delete the opening Note and the "NOT APPROVED" banner. Change nothing else, including numbering and governing law.
Hvad gjorde
- Redigerede selve den uploadede Word-fil. Klausulnummereringen, de fire tabeller og deres kolonnebredder er præcis, som de var, og aftalen er stadig 7 sider.
- Udfyldte felterne fra deal sheet: datoen (12. oktober 2026, på forsiden og i aftalen), begge parter med virksomhedsnummer og registreret adresse, projektet, begge notiskontaktpersoner med deres adresser, de to eskaleringsansvarlige og de to underskrivere. "Fax number" blev til "Email", med hver parts e-mailadresse.
- Klausul 2.1: fortrolighed gælder nu i 5 år fra modtagelsen, og valgmulighederne [3][5][7][10] samt "[date of this Agreement]" er fjernet.
- Klausul 2.3: tilføjede en sætning, der giver Virksomheden ret til at videregive oplysninger til sine professionelle rådgivere og potentielle investorer under tilsvarende fortrolighed.
- Klausul 2.4: Virksomhedens svartid for aktindsigsanmodninger er nu 5 forretningsdage i stedet for 10 dage, med brug af den definerede term.
- Slettede udkastsnoten og banneret "NOT APPROVED", og lod lovvalgsklausulen være uændret.
Prompten bad om registrerede ændringer, men skrev redigeringerne direkte ind i filen. Redlinen nedenfor er OneTurns "Create track-changes report", kørt på filerne før og efter.
Note: This sort of agreement might be used, for example, where a company and a university wish to exchange confidential information before they enter into a Research Collaboration Agreement, perhaps to further discussions about a potential research project.¶
THIS AGREEMENT HAS NOT BEEN APPROVED BY THE LAMBERT WORKING GROUP; IT IS INCLUDED IN THE TOOLKIT TO GIVE YOU AN IDEA OF THE PROVISIONS THAT ARE OFTEN USED IN THIS SORT OF AGREEMENT.¶
Dated _________________________20[ ]¶
Dated 12 October 2026
(1) […………………………………………………………]The University of Kingsmere
(2) [………………………………………………………..]Halcyon Photonics Limited
NON-DISCLOSURE AGREEMENT
THIS AGREEMENT dated […………………………………………..] 200[5]12 October 2026 is made BETWEEN:
(1) […………………………..]The University of Kingsmere, whose administrative offices are at [……………………]Research & Innovation Services, Albion House, 14 College Road, Kingsmere KM4 2AB, United Kingdom (the University); and
(2)[……………………..] [Halcyon Photonics LIMITED], a company registered in [England] and Wales under number [………………]14829376, whose registered office is at [………………………………………………………………]Unit 7, Harbourside Innovation Centre, 22 Quay Street, Bristol BS1 4XE, United Kingdom (the Company)
BACKGROUND
The parties wish [to discuss a potential collaborative research project] on low-loss silicon-nitride photonic waveguides for data-centre optical interconnects (the Proposed Project) and this is likely to involve them disclosing confidential information to each other.
1. DEFINITIONS
In this Agreement the following expressions have the meaning set opposite:
this Agreement:
this document, as amended from time to time in accordance with clause and 5.7;
a Business Day:
Monday to Friday (inclusive) except bank or public holidays in [England]; and Wales;
Confidential Information:
each party's confidential information including any Intellectual Property and Know-how disclosed by that party to the other for the Specified Purpose[and identified as confidential before or at the time of disclosure];
a Group Company:
any undertaking which is, on or after the date of this Agreement from time to time, a subsidiary undertaking of the Company, a parent undertaking of the Company or a subsidiary undertaking of a parent undertaking of the Company, as those terms are defined in section 258 of the Companies Act 1985;
Intellectual Property:
patents, trade marks, service marks, registered designs, copyrights, database rights, design rights, confidential information, applications for any of the above, and any similar right recognised from time to time in any jurisdiction, together with all rights of action in relation to the infringement of any of the above;
Know-how:
unpatented technical information (including, without limitation information relating to inventions, discoveries, concepts, methodologies, models, research, development and testing procedures, the results of experiments, tests and trials, manufacturing processes, techniques and specifications, quality control data, analyses, reports and submissions) that is not in the public domain;
the Proposed Project:
[insert short details]; anda two-year collaborative research project on low-loss silicon-nitride photonic waveguides for data-centre optical interconnects; and
the Specified Purpose:
[discussing whether to collaborate with the other party in the Proposed Project, the preparation of any outline specification, proposal or workplan for the Proposed Project, and the submission of any application for funding for the Proposed Project].
2. CONFIDENTIALITY
2.1 Neither party will[, before the expiry of not less than [3][5][7][10]5 years after the [date of this Agreement][its receipt of any of the other party’s Confidential Information], disclose to any third party, nor use for any purpose except the Specified Purpose, any of the other party's Confidential Information.
2.2 Neither party will be in breach of any obligation to keep any information confidential or not to disclose it to any other party to the extent that it:
2.2.1 is known to the party making the disclosure before its receipt from the other party, and not already subject to any obligation of confidentiality to the other party;
2.2.2 is or becomes publicly known without any breach of this Agreement or any other undertaking to keep it confidential;
2.2.3 has been obtained by the party making the disclosure from a third party in circumstances where the party making the disclosure has no reason to believe that there has been a breach of an obligation of confidentiality owed to the other party;
2.2.4 has been independently developed by the party making the disclosure;
2.2.5 is disclosed pursuant to the requirement of any law or regulation (provided, in the case of a disclosure under the Freedom of Information Act 2000, none of the exceptions to that Act applies to the information disclosed) or the order of any Court of competent jurisdiction, and the party required to make that disclosure has informed the other, within a reasonable time after being required to make the disclosure, of the requirement to disclose and the information required to be disclosed; or
2.2.6is approved for release in writing by an authorised representative of the other party.
2.3 The Company will not be in breach of any obligation to keep any of the University's information confidential or not to disclose it to any third party by making it available to any Group Company, or any person working for or on behalf of the Company or a Group Company, who needs to know the same for the Specified Purpose, provided it is not used except for that purpose and the recipient undertakes to keep that information confidential.
The Company may also disclose the University's Confidential Information to its professional advisers and to potential investors, in each case only under equivalent confidentiality obligations or on a confidential basis.¶
2.4 If the University receives a request under the Freedom of Information Act 2000 to disclose any information that, under this Agreement, is the Company’s Confidential Information, it will notify the Company and will consult with the Company. The Company will respond to the University within 10 days5 Business Days after receiving the University’s notice if that notice requests the Company to provide information to assist the University to determine whether or not an exemption to the Freedom of Information Act applies to the information requested under that Act.
3. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
3.1 Nothing in this Agreement grants any licence or right, beyond that required for the Specified Purpose, under any patent, copyright, trade secret or other Intellectual Property.
3.2Neither party will remove any proprietary, copyright, trade secret, confidentiality or other notice from any of the other’s Confidential Information.
4. TERM
4.1[Subject to clause 2.1, this][This] Agreement will continue indefinitely despite the conclusion of [the discussions between the parties concerning the Proposed Project].
4.2To the extent that the terms of this Agreement conflict with any agreement entered into between the parties for carrying out the Proposed Project, the terms of the agreement for the Proposed Project will prevail, but only to the extent necessary to resolve that conflict.
4.3 At the conclusion of [the discussions about the Proposed Project], unless the parties enter into an agreement for the carrying out of that project, each of the parties will, at the other’s request;
4.3.1return or destroy the other’s Confidential Information in its possession, custody or control; and
4.3.2confirm in writing that the above has been done.
5. GENERAL
5.1 Notices: Any notice to be given under this Agreement must be in writing, may be delivered to the other party by any of the methods set out in the left hand column below, and will be deemed to be received on the corresponding day set out in the right hand column:
Method of service
Deemed day of receipt
By hand or courier
the day of delivery
By pre-paid first class post
the second Business Day after posting
By recorded delivery post
the next Business Day after posting
By fax (provided the sender’s fax machine confirms complete and error-free transmission of that notice to the correct fax number)
the next Business Day after sending or, if sent before 16.00 (sender’s local time) on the Business Day it was sent
The parties' respective representatives for the receipt of notices are, until changed by notice given in accordance with this clause, as follows:
For the University:
For the Company:
Name: Ms Priya Raman, Senior Contracts Manager
Address:Address: Research & Innovation Services, Albion House, 14 College Road, Kingsmere KM4 2AB
Name: Mr Thomas Hadley, General Counsel, Halcyon Photonics Limited
Address:Address: Unit 7, Harbourside Innovation Centre, 22 Quay Street, Bristol BS1 4XE
Fax number:Email: [email protected]
Fax number:Email: [email protected]
5.2Headings: The headings in this Agreement are for ease of reference only; they do not affect its construction or interpretation.
5.3 Assignment: Neither party may assign or transfer this Agreement as a whole, or any of its rights or obligations under it, without first obtaining the written consent of the other party. That consent may not be unreasonably withheld or delayed.
5.3Illegal/unenforceable provisions: If the whole or any part of any provision of this Agreement is void or unenforceable in any jurisdiction, the other provisions of this Agreement, and the rest of the void or unenforceable provision, will continue in force in that jurisdiction, and the validity and enforceability of that provision in any other jurisdiction will not be affected.
5.4Waiver of rights: If a party fails to enforce, or delays in enforcing, an obligation of the other party, or fails to exercise, or delays in exercising, a right under this Agreement, that failure or delay will not affect its right to enforce that obligation or constitute a waiver of that right. Any waiver of any provision of this Agreement will not, unless expressly stated to the contrary, constitute a waiver of that provision on a future occasion.
5.5No agency: Nothing in this Agreement creates, implies or evidences any partnership or joint venture between the parties, or the relationship between them of principal and agent. Neither party has any authority to make any representation or commitment, or to incur any liability, on behalf of the other.
5.6Entire agreement: This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the parties relating to its subject matter. Each party acknowledges that it has not entered into this Agreement on the basis of any warranty, representation, statement, agreement or undertaking except those expressly set out in this Agreement. Each party waives any claim for breach of this Agreement, or any right to rescind this Agreement in respect of any representation which is not an express provision of this Agreement. However, this clause does not exclude any liability which either party may have to the other (or any right which either party may have to rescind this Agreement) in respect of any fraudulent misrepresentation or fraudulent concealment prior to the execution of this Agreement.
5.7Amendments: No variation or amendment of this Agreement will be effective unless it is made in writing and signed by each party's representative.
5.8Third parties: No one except a party to this Agreement has any right to prevent the amendment of this Agreement or its termination, and no one except a party to this Agreement may enforce any benefit conferred by this Agreement, unless this Agreement expressly provides otherwise.
5.9Governing law: This Agreement is governed by, and is to be construed in accordance with, English law. The English Courts will have exclusive jurisdiction to deal with any dispute which has arisen or may arise out of, or in connection with, this Agreement, except that either party may bring proceedings for an injunction in any jurisdiction.
5.10Escalation: If the parties are unable to reach agreement on any issue concerning this Agreement or the Project within 14 days after one party has notified the other of that issue, they will refer the matter to [insert officer]Professor Alan Whitcombe, Pro-Vice-Chancellor (Research) in the case of the University, and to [insert officer]Dr Mei Lin Wong, Chief Technology Officer in the case of the Company in an attempt to resolve the issue within 14 days after the referral. Either party may bring proceedings in accordance with clause 5.9 if the matter has not been resolved within that 14 day period, and either party may apply to the court for an injunction whether or not any issue has been escalated under this clause.
SIGNED for and on behalf of the University: Name: Dr Eleanor Marsh Position: Director of Research & Innovation Services Signature
SIGNED for and on behalf of the Company: Name: Daniel Cheung Position: Chief Executive Officer Signature
Her ville en jurist se to gange: To skabelonvalg blev truffet uden at blive bedt om det. Klausul 4.1 beholdt "This Agreement" i stedet for "Subject to clause 2.1, this Agreement", og "[England]" i definitionen af Business Day blev til "England and Wales", hvor virksomheden er registreret. Én mulighed står stadig i parentes: "[and identified as confidential before or at the time of disclosure]" i definitionen af Confidential Information.
03 · ANMODNING 2
"Partneren ønsker engelsk ret i Hong Kong"
Hvad advokaten skrev
Partner wants HK law (Halcyon's parent is now in HK). On the same marked-up version, in Track Changes: 1. Clause 5.9: Hong Kong law, HKIAC arbitration seated in Hong Kong; keep the injunction carve-out. 2. Business Day definition: Hong Kong public holidays instead of [England]. 3. Clause 5.10 still says "bring proceedings". Conform it to arbitration, or leave a Word comment for me. Keep all my earlier tracked changes; don't accept them.
Hvad gjorde
- Fortsatte arbejdet i den Word-fil, den havde leveret til anmodning 1, så alle tidligere redigeringer stadig er der.
- Klausul 5.9: aftalen er nu underlagt Hong Kongs lovgivning, og tvister afgøres ved HKIAC-voldgift efter de administrerede voldgiftsregler, med sæde i Hong Kong, én voldgiftsdommer og på engelsk. Undtagelsen for forbud overlever som midlertidigt eller forbudsbaseret retsmiddel fra enhver kompetent domstol.
- Business Day: offentlige helligdage i Hong Kong. Ordet "bank or" blev også fjernet fra definitionen.
- Klausul 5.10: "bring proceedings" blev til "commence arbitration proceedings in accordance with clause 5.9", og formuleringen om forbud følger 5.9. Krydshenvisningen peger stadig på den rigtige klausul.
- Virksomhedens egen beskrivelse blev ikke ændret: den er stadig registreret i England og Wales.
Redigeringerne blev igen skrevet direkte ind i filen. Nedenfor er rapporten over registrerede ændringer for anmodning 1- og anmodning 2-filerne, som kun viser det, denne anmodning ændrede. Rapporten over den oprindelige og den endelige fil øverst på siden indeholder begge runder i ét redline.
1. DEFINITIONS
a Business Day:
Monday to Friday (inclusive) except bank or public holidays in England and WalesHong Kong;
5. GENERAL
5.9Governing law: This Agreement is governed by, and is to be construed in accordance with, English law. The English Courts will have exclusive jurisdiction to deal with any dispute which has arisen or may arise out of, or in connection with, this Agreement, except that either party may bring proceedings for an injunction in anythe laws of Hong Kong. Any dispute arising out of or in connection with this Agreement shall be referred to and finally resolved by arbitration administered by the Hong Kong International Arbitration Centre (HKIAC) under the HKIAC Administered Arbitration Rules in force when the notice of arbitration is submitted. The seat of arbitration shall be Hong Kong. The tribunal shall consist of one arbitrator, unless the parties agree otherwise, and the language of the arbitration shall be English. Nothing in this clause shall prevent either party from seeking interim or injunctive relief from any court of competent jurisdiction.
5.10Escalation: If the parties are unable to reach agreement on any issue concerning this Agreement or the Project within 14 days after one party has notified the other of that issue, they will refer the matter to Professor Alan Whitcombe, Pro-Vice-Chancellor (Research) in the case of the University, and to Dr Mei Lin Wong, Chief Technology Officer in the case of the Company in an attempt to resolve the issue within 14 days after the referral. Either party may bringcommence arbitration proceedings in accordance with clause 5.9 if the matter has not been resolved within that 14 day period, and either party may apply to the court for an injunctionseek interim or injunctive relief from any court of competent jurisdiction whether or not any issue has been escalated under this clause.
Selve NDA'en, redigeret, ikke et resumé af, hvad der skal ændres
De fleste AI-værktøjer svarer på en anmodning om redigering med forslag til formuleringer i et chatvindue, og nogen skriver dem så ind i aftalen. arbejder i selve Word-filen, udfylder den ud fra dine egne dokumenter, lader nummereringen og tabellerne være i fred, og dets rapport med sporede ændringer giver modparten en redline.
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