实操示例 · EXCEL 和 POWERPOINT

将 OMB 预算表格转换为 Excel 图表和汇报演示文稿

一位预算分析师收到了一份包含 1940 年至 2031 年美国政府开支的 Excel 文件。他们请 提取四大支出项目,并为上司绘制图表。

通过创建一个包含 2015 年至 2031 年国防、医疗保险、社会保障和利息成本的表格来分析数据,并在同一个 Excel 文件中绘制了图表。然后,该图表作为真正的图表(而非图片)被放到了 PowerPoint 幻灯片中。

  • 2用通俗英文提出的请求
  • 1已编辑 Excel 文件,而非替换
  • 1基于此构建的演示文稿
  • 0手动输入的公式

打开真实文件

这些是运行操作产生的实际文件。下载它们并在 Excel 或 PowerPoint 中打开。

文件来源: OMB Historical Tables, 表 3.1,按大类职能和职能划分的支出,2027 财年预算。

01 · 初始文件

一个庞大而杂乱的政府电子表格

该文件列出了从 1940 年到 2031 年的各类联邦开支,每列代表一年,共 94 列。它有几个陷阱:1976 年之后挤进了一个额外的“TQ”列,而 2025 年之后的年份被标记为“2026 estimate”等。

hist03z1_fy2027.xlsx处理前
BZ4589,659
AB…ALAMAN…BZCA…CICJCK…CP
1Table 3.1 - OUTLAYS BY SUPERFUNCTION AND FUNCTION: 1940 - 2031…………
2Superfunction and Function1940…1976TQ1977…20152016…202420252026 estimate…2031 estimate
3In millions of dollars:…………
4National Defense1,660…89,61922,26997,241…589,659593,372…873,523916,140966,396…1,369,123
5Human resources4,139…203,59452,065221,895…2,706,8282,820,292…4,548,9044,706,7165,078,303…6,347,219
6Education, Training, Employment, and Social Services1,972…18,9105,16921,104…122,035109,709…306,37072,042101,970…133,413
7Health55…15,7343,92417,302…482,257511,325…911,290978,5111,047,526…1,143,249
8Medicare..........…15,8344,26419,345…546,202594,536…874,133996,7181,070,248…1,573,538
9Income Security1,514…60,78414,98161,045…508,800514,098…670,548701,609741,971…743,752
10Social Security28…73,89919,76385,061…887,753916,067…1,460,9181,580,6731,676,441…2,151,475
…
22Net interest899…26,7276,94929,901…223,181240,033…879,879970,0651,016,650…1,363,769
…
35Total, Federal outlays9,468…371,79295,975409,218…3,691,8503,852,615…6,735,2617,011,1057,540,434…9,279,779
…
39National defense17.5…24.123.223.8…16.015.4…13.013.112.8…14.8
42Net interest9.5…7.27.27.3…6.06.2…13.113.813.5…14.7
Table
刚收到的工作表。为节省空间,此处隐藏了带条纹的列。黄色行是分析师需要的四个项目。点击单元格即可查看其内容。

02 · 请求 1

“添加汇总表和图表”

分析师输入的内容

In the attached OMB Historical Table 3.1 (FY2027 Budget), please add a new sheet called 'Big Four' and leave the 'Table' sheet exactly as it is. On the new sheet:
1. Column A: fiscal years 2015 to 2031, one row per year (17 rows).
2. Columns B-E: National Defense (row 4), Medicare (row 8), Social Security (row 10) and Net interest (row 22) from the Table sheet, converted from $ millions to $ billions, one decimal. Use formulas that point at the Table sheet if you can.
3. Column F: 'Actual' for 2015-2025 and 'Estimate' for 2026-2031 (the columns headed '2026 estimate' to '2031 estimate').
4. A native Excel line chart of the four series with years on the x-axis, titled 'Federal outlays by function, FY2015-FY2031 ($ billions)', with a note that 2026-2031 are OMB estimates.

的操作

  • 在上传的 Excel 文件内部进行工作。未创建新文件。
  • 首先核对年份标签,确保尽管多出了一个“TQ”列,2015年仍然能与正确的列对齐。
  • 添加了一个名为“Big Four”的新工作表:2015 年至 2031 年每年一行,包含以十亿美元为单位的四个支出项目,以及“Actual”或“Estimate”标签。
  • 填充了指向原始工作表的公式,因此每一个数字都可以追溯。点击下方的绿色单元格即可查看。
  • 绘制了一个可点击并编辑的真正的 Excel 折线图。
  • 未改动原始工作表。我们检查了每一个单元格。
hist03z1_fy2027.xlsx处理后
B2=ROUND(Table!BZ4/1000,1)
ABCDEF
1Fiscal YearNational Defense ($ billions)Medicare ($ billions)Social Security ($ billions)Net Interest ($ billions)Type
22015589.7546.2887.8223.2Actual
32016593.4594.5916.1240Actual
42017598.7597.3944.9262.6Actual
52018631.3588.7987.8325Actual
62019685.76511044.4375.2Actual
72020724.6776.21095.8345.5Actual
82021753.9696.51134.6352.3Actual
92022765.6755.11218.7475.9Actual
102023820.3847.51354.3658.3Actual
112024873.5874.11460.9879.9Actual
122025916.1996.71580.7970.1Actual
132026966.41070.21676.41016.7Estimate
14202712051200.81771.11065.4Estimate
1520281323.21350.51864.41167Estimate
1620291341.61316.21957.31234.6Estimate
1720301348.81473.42052.11304.5Estimate
1820311369.11573.52151.51363.8Estimate
20Note: 2026-2031 are OMB estimates.
TableBig Four新
位于同一文件中的新“Big Four”工作表。绿色数字为公式。
hist03z1_fy2027.xlsxBig Four 工作表

Federal outlays by function, FY2015-FY2031 ($ billions)

05001,0001,5002,0002,500$ billions20152016201720182019202020212022202320242025202620272028202920302031Fiscal YearNational Defense ($ billions)Medicare ($ billions)Social Security ($ billions)Net Interest ($ billions)National Defense ($ billions) · 2015: 589.7National Defense ($ billions) · 2016: 593.4National Defense ($ billions) · 2017: 598.7National Defense ($ billions) · 2018: 631.3National Defense ($ billions) · 2019: 685.7National Defense ($ billions) · 2020: 724.6National Defense ($ billions) · 2021: 753.9National Defense ($ billions) · 2022: 765.6National Defense ($ billions) · 2023: 820.3National Defense ($ billions) · 2024: 873.5National Defense ($ billions) · 2025: 916.1National Defense ($ billions) · 2026: 966.4National Defense ($ billions) · 2027: 1,205.0National Defense ($ billions) · 2028: 1,323.2National Defense ($ billions) · 2029: 1,341.6National Defense ($ billions) · 2030: 1,348.8National Defense ($ billions) · 2031: 1,369.1Medicare ($ billions) · 2015: 546.2Medicare ($ billions) · 2016: 594.5Medicare ($ billions) · 2017: 597.3Medicare ($ billions) · 2018: 588.7Medicare ($ billions) · 2019: 651.0Medicare ($ billions) · 2020: 776.2Medicare ($ billions) · 2021: 696.5Medicare ($ billions) · 2022: 755.1Medicare ($ billions) · 2023: 847.5Medicare ($ billions) · 2024: 874.1Medicare ($ billions) · 2025: 996.7Medicare ($ billions) · 2026: 1,070.2Medicare ($ billions) · 2027: 1,200.8Medicare ($ billions) · 2028: 1,350.5Medicare ($ billions) · 2029: 1,316.2Medicare ($ billions) · 2030: 1,473.4Medicare ($ billions) · 2031: 1,573.5Social Security ($ billions) · 2015: 887.8Social Security ($ billions) · 2016: 916.1Social Security ($ billions) · 2017: 944.9Social Security ($ billions) · 2018: 987.8Social Security ($ billions) · 2019: 1,044.4Social Security ($ billions) · 2020: 1,095.8Social Security ($ billions) · 2021: 1,134.6Social Security ($ billions) · 2022: 1,218.7Social Security ($ billions) · 2023: 1,354.3Social Security ($ billions) · 2024: 1,460.9Social Security ($ billions) · 2025: 1,580.7Social Security ($ billions) · 2026: 1,676.4Social Security ($ billions) · 2027: 1,771.1Social Security ($ billions) · 2028: 1,864.4Social Security ($ billions) · 2029: 1,957.3Social Security ($ billions) · 2030: 2,052.1Social Security ($ billions) · 2031: 2,151.5Net Interest ($ billions) · 2015: 223.2Net Interest ($ billions) · 2016: 240.0Net Interest ($ billions) · 2017: 262.6Net Interest ($ billions) · 2018: 325.0Net Interest ($ billions) · 2019: 375.2Net Interest ($ billions) · 2020: 345.5Net Interest ($ billions) · 2021: 352.3Net Interest ($ billions) · 2022: 475.9Net Interest ($ billions) · 2023: 658.3Net Interest ($ billions) · 2024: 879.9Net Interest ($ billions) · 2025: 970.1Net Interest ($ billions) · 2026: 1,016.7Net Interest ($ billions) · 2027: 1,065.4Net Interest ($ billions) · 2028: 1,167.0Net Interest ($ billions) · 2029: 1,234.6Net Interest ($ billions) · 2030: 1,304.5Net Interest ($ billions) · 2031: 1,363.8
  • National Defense ($ billions)
  • Medicare ($ billions)
  • Social Security ($ billions)
  • Net Interest ($ billions)
“Big Four”工作表的图表,在此依据交付文件中的数据重绘。

AI 对数据进行了双重核对: 2015年的国防支出 589.7、医疗保险 546.2、社会保障 887.8 以及利息 223.2(单位:十亿美元)均与政府官方数据完全一致。

03 · 请求 2

“现在把它做成三张幻灯片”

分析师输入的内容

Now build a 3-slide PowerPoint for the Deputy Secretary from the 'Big Four' sheet:
1. Title slide: 'Interest costs vs. defense, Medicare and Social Security', subtitle 'FY2015-FY2031, OMB Historical Table 3.1 (FY2027 Budget)'.
2. The line chart, with a one-line headline stating what it shows, and 'Source: OMB Historical Tables, Table 3.1, FY2027 Budget; FY2026-2031 are estimates' at the bottom.
3. Three takeaways, each with figures from the sheet: (a) how net interest grew from FY2015 to FY2025; (b) the first fiscal year in which net interest exceeded national defense, with both amounts; (c) what OMB projects for the four lines in FY2031.

Plain government style, no stock images.

的操作

  • 读取刚刚制作的“Big Four”工作表,以确保幻灯片和电子表格显示相同的数字。
  • 让分析师从其模板库中选择一种设计。
  • 将图表作为真正的 PowerPoint 图表放入第 2 张幻灯片中,其数据包含在内。右键点击它并选择“编辑数据”。
  • 从数据中写出要点:利息成本从 2015 年到 2025 年增长了 4.3 倍,并在 2024 年首次超过国防支出。
交付文件图片幻灯片 1
幻灯片 1
交付文件图片幻灯片 2
幻灯片 2
交付文件图片幻灯片 3
幻灯片 3

直接在你的原文件中编辑

大多数 AI 工具读取你的电子表格后只交给你一个新的表格。 会打开你上传的文件,仅修改你要求的部分,并保留每一个早期版本。

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